Oncology
Survival Rate of Patients with Combined Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma Receiving Medical Cannabis Treatment: A Retrospective, Cohort Comparative Study
Narisara Phansila, Paopong Pansila, Adisorn Wongkongdech, Niruwan Turnbull, Mahalul Azam, Ranee Wongkongdech (November 2022)
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) incidence in Northeastern Thailand is very high and a major cause of mortality. CCA patients typically have a poor prognosis and short-term survival rate due to late-stage diagnosis. Thailand is the first Southeast Asian country to approve medicinal cannabis treatment, especially for palliative care with advanced cancer patients.
Multivariate analysis showed that CT treatment protocol was associated with a significantly better survival (P value <0.001; median time of CT, 5.66 months (95% CI: 1.94–9.38); median time of ST, 0.83 months (95% CI: 0.71–0.95). Therefore, CT had a reduced probability of dying from the disease (HRadj., 0.28 (95% CI: 0.20–0.37)
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Pilot Clinical And Pharmacokinetic Study Of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)/Cannabidiol (CBD) Nanoparticle Oro-Buccal Spray In Patients With Advanced Cancer Experiencing Uncontrolled Pain
Stephen Clarke, Belinda E. Butcher, Andrew J. McLachlan, Jeremy D. Henson, David Rutolo, Sean Hall, Luis Vitetta (October 2022)
This report described a single ascending dose (Stage I and multiple ascending doses (Stage II) of a water-soluble Δ9-THC/CBD nanoparticle formulation administered to advanced cancer patients with intractable pain as a co-analgesic.
There was an overall small improvement in average NPRS pain scores over the study treatment period from baseline. The significant improvement in average adjusted NPRS pain scores of 33% above that provided by standard analgesics was recorded for an eligible subgroup of participants with a diagnosis of metastatic breast and prostate cancers (only to bone). We acknowledge that in this preliminary study the secondary endpoint of analgesic clinical efficacy by the cannabis-based medicine will require further confirmatory data from a robust study, albeit the positive signal that was observed.
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Oxidative Stress And Autophagy Mediate Anti-Cancer Properties Of Cannabis Derivatives In Human Oral Cancer Cells
Lionel Loubaki, Mahmoud Rouabhia, Mohamed Al Zahrani, Abdullah Al Amri, Abdelhabib Semlali (October 2022)
The legalization of cannabis in 2018 in Canada has generated a heated public debate. The subject is complex, controversial, and completely opposite currents of thought clash mainly regarding its recreational use. The therapeutic efficacy of cannabis is very limited and still needs to be confirmed or refuted. However, our recent work has shown that at low doses, cannabinoids (Δ9-THC and Δ8-THC), which are the main constituents of cannabis, are beneficial against oral cancer. In this current study, we showed that a mixture of cannabinoids (CM) can induce oral toxicity in cells by damaging the DNA and activating the mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis along with inhibiting many cancer progression pathways such as MAPKase, STATs and NF-κB pathways. These data demonstrated clearly the potential beneficial effect of CM at low concentrations for oral cancer therapy.
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Raising Awareness: The Implementation Of Medical Cannabis And Psychedelics Used As An Adjunct To Standard Therapy In The Treatment Of Advanced Metastatic Breast Cancer
Rayyan Zafar, Dustin Sulak, Anne Schlag (August 2022)
A 49-year-old woman was diagnosed with an ER + , PR-, HER2 + , BRCA- invasive ductal carcinoma which progressed metastatically to include bone, liver, and lymph node involvement. Standardised care included a 26-month treatment period with targeted chemotherapy and a ketogenic diet. The patient also began a course of cannabinoid-based therapy, consisting initially of a titrated high-dose protocol of mixed cannabidiol (CBD) and d9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) chemotypes, as well as psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy at macro and intermittent micro-doses. At the end of the five-month treatment period PET/CT investigations revealed no evidence of metastatic disease and chemotherapy was withdrawn. A one year follow up CT investigation concluded no evidence of residual or recurrent disease. A recurrence of disease was noted at 18 months follow up. Over these 18 months the cannabis regimen was titrated down to 60% of the initial protocol. This was subsequently increased to the initial dosing protocol following detection of recurrent disease and this titration occurred over a 10-month period where it remained stable. 16 months following the detection of recurrence of disease, favourable results were observed in the patient with evidence of receding cancer progression.
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Cannabidiol Inhibits Invasion And Metastasis In Colorectal Cancer Cells By Reversing Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Through The Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
PanFeng Feng, LongXun Zhu, Jing Jie, PengXiang Yang, Nan Sheng, XiangFan Chen, Xia Chen (August 2022)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, wherein distant metastasis is the main reason for death. The non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) effectively induces the apoptosis of CRC cells. We investigated the role of CBD in the migration and metastasis of CRC cells. CBD significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells in a dose- or time-dependent manner. CBD could also inhibit epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by upregulating epithelial markers such as E-cadherin and downregulating mesenchymal markers such as N-cadherin, Snail, Vimentin, and HIF-1α. CBD could suppress the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, inhibit the expression of β-catenin target genes such as APC and CK1, and increase the expression of Axin1. Compared to the control group, the volume and weight of orthotopic xenograft tumors significantly decreased after the CBD treatment. The results demonstrated that CBD inhibits invasion and metastasis in CRC cells. This was the first study elucidating the underlying molecular mechanism of CBD in inhibiting EMT and metastasis via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CRC cells. The molecular mechanism by which CBD inhibits EMT and metastasis of CRC cells was shown to be through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway for the first time.
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An Examination Of The Anti-Cancer Properties Of Plant Cannabinoids In Preclinical Models Of Mesothelioma
Emily K. Colvin, Amanda L. Hudson, Lyndsey L. Anderson, Ramyashree Prasanna Kumar, Iain S. McGregor, Viive M. Howell, Jonathon C. Arnold (August 2022)
Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer with a poor response to current therapies and, consequently, has a very grim prognosis. The median survival for malignant mesothelioma is only approximately 12 months and the 5-year survival rate is less than 10%. Worldwide, over 38,000 people die each year from mesothelioma [3] with asbestos exposure linked to approximately 80% of all cases.
Our data present the first report that plant cannabinoids have anti-proliferative effects on mesothelioma cells, that was associated with apoptosis, rather than autophagy or production of ROS. CBD and CBG were the most potent cannabinoids and also inhibited mesothelioma cell migration and invasion. We were unable to show an anti-tumour effect in vivo, potentially due to insufficient plasma concentrations being reached. Thus alternative drug delivery methods may be needed to clinically translate these findings.
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Oral Cannabidiol For Prevention Of Acute And Transient Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Sebastian W. Nielsen, Simone Dyring Hasselsteen, Helena Sylow Heilmann Dominiak, Dejan Labudovic, Lars Reiter, Susanne Oksbjerg Dalton, Jørn Herrstedt (August 2022)
To assess the safety, dosing, and preventive effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in patients receiving oxaliplatin- or paclitaxel-based chemotherapy.
Patients with cancer scheduled to undergo treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel (Carbo-Tax) or capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) received 150 mg CBD oil twice daily (300 mg/daily) for 8 days beginning 1 day before initiation of chemotherapy. Ten CIPN-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures were captured at baseline and each day after the first cycle of chemotherapy for 8 days. Multi-frequency vibrometry (MF-V) was captured at baseline and day 4 ± 1 after initiation of chemotherapy. Controls were obtained from a similar patient cohort that did not receive CBD. Adverse events were captured using the CTCAE ver. 4.03.
From March to December 2021, 54 patients were recruited. CBD-treated patients were significantly older (p = 0.013/0.037, CAPOX/Carbo-Tax) compared to controls. Patients receiving CBD and CAPOX or Carbo-Tax showed significantly lower (better) change in Z-scores in high-frequency MF-V (125 and 250 Hz) compared to controls. This difference was most pronounced for patients receiving Carbo-Tax (− 1.76, CI-95 = [− 2.52; − 1.02] at 250 Hz). CAPOX patients treated with CBD had significantly lower peak baseline-adjusted difference in three PRO items on cold sensitivity to touch, discomfort swallowing cold liquids, and throat discomfort (− 2.08, − 2.06, and − 1.81, CI-95 = [− 3.89; − 0.12], NRS 0–10). No significant differences in PRO items were found for patients receiving Carbo-Tax. Possible side effects included stomach pain (grades 1–2) for patients receiving CAPOX.
CBD attenuated early symptoms of CIPN with no major safety concerns. Long-term follow-up is ongoing. Results should be confirmed in a larger, randomized study.
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Antitumor Effects Of Cannabinoids In Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (Capan-2)-Derived Xenograft Mouse Model
Siriwan Sakarin, Nuntana Meesiripan, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Nuntakan Suwanpidokkul, Piyaporn Prayakprom, Chatchada Bodhibukkana, Vipada Khaowroongrueng, Kankanit Suriyachan, Somchai Thanasittichai, Attasit Srisubat, Pattamaporn Surawongsin, Kasem Rattanapinyopituk (July 2022)
Twenty-five nude mice were subcutaneously transplanted with a human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line (Capan-2). All mice were randomly assigned into 5 groups including negative control (gavage with sesame oil), positive control (5 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil intraperitoneal administration), and cannabinoids groups that daily received THC:CBD, 1:6 at 1, 5, or 10 mg/kg body weight for 30 days, respectively. Xenograft tumors and internal organs were collected for histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry.
The average tumor volume was increased in all groups with no significant difference. The average apoptotic cells and caspase-3 positive cells were significantly increased in cannabinoid groups compared with the negative control group. The expression score of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in positive control and cannabinoids groups was decreased compared with the negative control group.
Cannabinoids have an antitumor effect on the Capan-2-derived xenograft mouse model though induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner.
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Anticancer Activity Of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol And Cannabinol In Vitro And In Human Lung Cancer Xenograft
Surang Leelawat, Kawin Leelawat, Thaniya Wannakup, Worawan Saingam, Nanthaphong Khamthong, Fameera Madaka, Athip Maha, Patamaporn Pathompak, Lukman Sueree, Thanapat Songsak (July 2022)
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinol were tested for anticancer activity in human non-small cell lung cancer (A549) cells. The effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and phosphorylation profiles were examined. The effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinol on tumor growth were also investigated using a xenograft nude mouse model. Apoptosis and targeted phosphorylation were verified by immunohistochemistry.
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinol significantly inhibited cell proliferation and increased the number of apoptotic cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol- and cannabinol-treated cells had lower levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B [AKT (S473)], glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha/beta, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase compared to the controls. The study of xenograft mice revealed that tumors treated with 15 mg/kg Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol or 40 mg/kg cannabinol were significantly smaller than those of the control mice. The tumor progression rates in mice treated with 15 mg/kg Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol or 40 mg/kg cannabinol were significantly slower than in the control group.
These findings indicate that Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinol inhibit lung cancer cell growth by inhibiting AKT and its signaling pathways, which include glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha/beta and endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
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Anti-Cancer Properties Of Cannflavin A And Potential Synergistic Effects With Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, And Cannabinoids In Bladder Cancer
Andrea M. Tomko, Erin G. Whynot, Denis J. Dupré (July 2022)
Two transitional cell carcinoma cell lines were used to assess the cytotoxic effects of the flavonoid cannflavin A up to 100 μM. We tested the potential synergistic cytotoxic effects of cannflavin A with gemcitabine (up to 100 nM), cisplatin (up to 100 μM), and cannabinoids (up to 10 μM). We also evaluated the activation of the apoptotic cascade using annexin V and whether cannflavin A has the ability to reduce invasion using a Matrigel assay.
Our results indicate that compounds from Cannabis sativa other than cannabinoids, like the flavonoid cannflavin A, can be cytotoxic to human bladder transitional carcinoma cells and that this compound can exert synergistic effects when combined with other agents. In vivo studies will be needed to confirm the activity of cannflavin A as a potential agent for bladder cancer treatment.
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Cannabidiol Exerts Anti-Proliferative Activity Via A Cannabinoid Receptor 2-Dependent Mechanism In Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Hee-Seop Lee, Gillian Tamia, Hee-Jung Song, Darshika Amarakoon, Cheng-I Wei, Seong-Ho Lee (July 2022)
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality in the United States. Cannabidiol (CBD), the second most abundant phytocannabinoid in Cannabis sativa, has potential use in cancer treatment on the basis of many studies showing its anti-cancer activity in diverse types of cancer, including colon cancer. However, its mechanism of action is not yet fully understood. In the current study, we observed CBD to repress viability of different human colorectal cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner.
We found that CBD repressed cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death through a mechanism dependent on cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2), but not on CB1, transient receptor potential vanilloid, or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Anti-proliferative activity was also observed for other non-psychoactive cannabinoid derivatives including cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabicyclol (CBL), and cannabigerovarin (CBGV). Our data indicate that CBD and its derivatives could be promising agents for the prevention of human colorectal cancer.
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Effect Of Cannabidiol On Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells In Multiple Myeloma And Pancreatic Cancer
Francesca Garofano (June 2022)
Cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) are a heterogeneous population of polyclonal T lymphocytes showing a potent anti-tumor activity. Cannabinoids have been recently used for the treatment of cancer. In this study, CIK cells were tested for cannabinoid receptor CB2 expression and downstream signaling. They were also analyzed for neuropiilin (NRP) proteins expression which have been proven to play an important role in cancer. Moreover, we investigated whether inducing CIK cells with cannabidiol (CBD) can enhance their cytotoxicity primarily in pancreatic cancer and myeloma cells.
A low dose of non-psychoactive CBD is sufficient to stimulate the cytotoxic function of CIK cells primarily in pancreatic and myeloma cells and may help to increase the therapeutic response. Recognizing NRP2 in CIK cells might help to improve CIK cell cytotoxicity.
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Experience With Medical Marijuana For Cancer Patients In The Palliative Setting
Karna T. Sura, Leslie Kohman, Danning Huang, Silviu V. Pasniciuc (June 2022)
Medical marijuana is a symptom treatment option for palliative cancer patients; however, its useful applications remain limited. The goals of this study were to review the characteristics of patients who received medical marijuana under our ambulatory palliative care program and to determine barriers to access and use of medical marijuana in this population.
The study population was 184 patients. Ninety-three patients (51.5%) received at least one prescription from a New York licensed marijuana dispensary while 72 (39.13%) were certified but never obtained any medical marijuana. For patients who took at least one dose of medical marijuana, 48.14% experienced an improvement in pain, 44.95% used fewer opioids, and 85.11% had an improvement in at least one symptom. Adverse effects were low at 3.72%.
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Cannabidiol And Cannabigerol Inhibit Cholangiocarcinoma Growth In Vitro Via Divergent Cell Death Pathways
Michael J. Viereckl, Kelsey Krutsinger, Aaron Apawu, Jian Gu, Bryana Cardona , Donovan Barratt, Yuyan Han (June 2022)
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and highly lethal disease with few effective treatment options. Cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) are non-psychedelic components extracted from cannabis. These non-psychoactive compounds have shown anti-proliferative potential in other tumor models; however, the efficacy of CBD and CBG in CCA is unknown.
In this study, we found that both CBD and CBG were effective in inhibiting cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, with CBG being significantly more effective at the same dose as CBD across several functional assays: MTT, wound closure, transwell, colony formation and apoptosis. We found that CBD and CBG induce their cytotoxic effects via different mechanisms, with CBD stimulating autophagic and apoptotic pathways and CBG stimulating only apoptotic pathways.
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Abstract 3714: The Antitumor Activity Of Cannabis Sativa And CBD In Prostate Cancer PC3 Cells
Lesetja Raymond Motadi, Nonhlanhla B. Moleya (June 2022)
Prostate cancer is the second most frequently occurring carcinoma in males worldwide and one of the leading causes of death in men around the world. Recent studies estimate that over 1.4 million males are diagnosed with prostate cancer on an annual basis, with approximately 375 000 succumbing to the disease annually. With current treatments continuing to show severe side effects, there is a need for new treatments. In this study we looked at the effect of cannabis sativa extract, cannabidiol and cisplatin on prostate cancer cells, PC3.
In addressing the above questions, we employed the MTT assay to measure the antiproliferative effect on PC3 cells following treatment with varying concentrations of Cannabis sativa extract, cisplatin and cannabidiol. xCELLigence was also used to confirm the IC50 activity in which cells were grown in a 16 well plate coated with gold and monitor cell. Caspase 3/7 activity was also measured using 96 well-plate following treatment. Western-blot and qRT-PCR was also used to measure the gene expression of tumor suppressor genes, p53, Bax and Bcl2. Animal studies were employed to measure the growth of PC3-mouse derived cancer to evaluate the effect of compounds in vivo.
From the treatment with varying concentrations of Cannabis sativa extract, cannabidiol and cisplatin, we have observed that the three compounds induced antiproliferation of PC3 cancer cell lines through the activation of caspase 3/7 activity. We also observed induction of apoptosis in these cells following silencing of retinoblastoma binding protein 6 (RBBP6), with upregulation of p53 and bax mRNA expression, and a reduction in Bcl2 gene expression. The growth of tumors in the mouse models were reduced following treatment with cisplatin and cannabidiol.
We demonstrated that cannabidiol is a viable therapy to treat prostate cancer cells, in combination with silencing of RBBP6. This suggests that cannabidiol rather Cannabis sativa extract may play an important role in reducing cancer progression.
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Anticancer Activity Of Cannabidiol (CBD) In Human Colorectal Cancer Cells: A Mechanistic Study
Seong-Ho Lee, Hee-Seop Lee, Gillian Tamia, Hee-Jung Song, Cheng-I Wei (June 2022)
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major non-psychoactive bioactive component of the phytocannabinoids abundant in cannabis. Its potential use for treatment of colorectal cancer has been proposed by several studies. This study investigated the anti-cancer activity of CBD and the mechanism of that activity in human colorectal cancer cells.
CBD repressed viability of SW620, SW480, HCT116, and Caco-2 human colorectal cancer cells, with respective IC50 values of 5.4, 10.4, 10.8, and 20 μM for 24-hour treatment and 4.7, 5.8, 5.7, and 13.8 μM for 48-hour treatment. Moreover, CBD treatment led to G1-phase cell cycle arrest and an increased sub-G1 population with downregulation of cyclin D1, cyclin D3, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6. It also increased activity of caspase 3/7, production of cleaved PARP, and expression of ER stress proteins (BiP, IRE1α, p-eIF2, ATF3 and ATF4). Repression of cell viability and induction of apoptotic cell death occurred through a mechanism dependent on cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2). Suppression of cell viability was also observed in cells treated with other of non-psychoactive cannabinoid derivatives (cannabidivarin, cannabigerol, cannabicyclol, cannabigerovarin).
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Anti-Cancer Potential Of Cannabis Terpenes In A Taxol-Resistant Model Of Breast Cancer
Andrea M. Tomko, Erin G. Whynot, Lauren F. O'Leary, Denis J. Dupré (June 2022)
Chemotherapeutic resistance can limit breast cancer outcomes; therefore, the exploration of novel therapeutic options is warranted. Isolated compounds found in cannabis have previously been shown to exhibit anti-cancer effects, but little is known about their effects in resistant breast cancer. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of terpenes found in cannabis in in vitro chemotherapy-resistant model of breast cancer. We aimed to identify whether five terpenes found in cannabis produced anti-cancer effects, and whether their effects were improved upon co-treatment with cannabinoids and flavonoids also found in cannabis. Nerolidol and β-caryophyllene produced the greatest cytotoxic effects, activated the apoptotic cascade, and reduced cellular invasion. Combinations with the flavonoid kaempferol potentiated the cytotoxic effects of ocimene, terpinolene, and β-myrcene. Combinations of nerolidol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol or cannabidiol produced variable responses ranging from antagonism and additivity to synergy, depending on concentrations used. Our results indicate that cannabis terpenes, alone or combined with cannabinoids and flavonoids, produced anti-cancer effects in chemotherapy-resistant breast cancer cell lines.
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The Effectiveness And Safety Of Medical Cannabis For Treating Cancer Related Symptoms In Oncology Patients
Joshua Aviram, Gil M. Lewitus, Yelena Vysotski, Mahmoud Abu Amna, Anton Ouryvaev, Shiri Procaccia, Idan Cohen, Anca Leibovici, Luiza Akria, Dimitry Goncharov, Neomi Mativ, Avia Kauffman, Ayelet Shai, Gil Bar-Sela, David Meiri (May 2022)
Many comorbidities are associated with oncology diseases. Cancer-associated symptoms include pain, anxiety, depression, insomnia, decreased quality of life, increased disability and negative effects on sexuality. These symptoms are some of the most fundamental causes of oncology patients suffering and disability while undergoing therapies, and some may even lead to worsened prognosis.
In conclusion, this prospective, comprehensive and large-scale cohort demonstrated an overall mild to modest long-term statistical improvement of all investigated measures including pain, associated symptoms and, importantly, reduction in opioid (and other analgesics) use. It seems that MC treatment is safe for oncology patients, but its efficacy and clinical relevance may be limited. Oncologists should carefully consider the possible benefits of MC treatment to their patients before prescribing it.
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Extracellular Vesicles Of Cannabis With High CBD Content Induce Anticancer Signaling In Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Tahereh Tajik, Kaveh Baghaei, Vahid Erfani Moghadamd, Naser Farrokhi, Seyed Alireza Salami (June 2022)
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been the topic of interest in recent years due to their proven therapeutic properties. Intact or manipulated plant EVs have shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancerous activities as a result of containing bioactive metabolites and other endogenous molecules. Less is known about the EV efficacy with high levels of bioactive secondary metabolites derived from medicinal or non-edible plants. Numerous data suggest the functionality of Cannabis sativa extract and its phytocannabinoids in cancer treatment. Here, two chemotypes of cannabis with different levels of D-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) were selected.
EVs from two Cannabis sativa chemotypes with different ratios of CBD and THC were isolated and their potential antineoplastic properties were checked for the first time. Our findings revealed that EVs derived from the two chemotypes only contained CBD; lacking THC. Isolated CDEVs with higher CBD content decreased the viability of two liver cancer cell lines more effectively compared to CDEVs with lower CBD content; with no effect on HUVECs' normal cells. In addition, the mechanism by which H.C-EVs exerted the in vitro anticancer activity involved cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase as well as induction of apoptosis via mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis signaling pathway. Altogether, our findings suggest that the EVs derived from cannabis can act as natural nano-carriers containing bioactive phytochemicals and be used in cancer research. The possible use of these biomaterials in combination with chemotherapy drugs can open a new gateway for cancer treatment.
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Protective Effects Of Cannabidiol On Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis Via The Nrf2/Keap1/ARE Signaling Pathways
Lin Li, Yaowei Xuan, Biao Zhu, Xing Wang, Xiaoyu Tian, Lisheng Zhao, Yan Wang, Xiaoxia Jiang, Ning Wen (May 2022)
Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication during chemotherapy characterized by ulceration, mucosa atrophy, and necrosis, which seriously interferes with nutritional intake and oncotherapy procedures among patients. However, the efficacy of current treatments for OM remains limited. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural cannabinoid with multiple biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. In this study, we aimed to investigate the chemopreventive effects and mechanisms of CBD in protecting C57BL/6N mice and human oral keratinocytes (HOK) from 5-fluorouracil- (5-FU-) induced OM.
CBD alleviates chemotherapy-induced OM and protects against the toxicity of 5-FU by improving oxidative stress defense, downregulating mucosal inflammation, promoting cell proliferation, and inhibiting 5-FU-induced apoptosis both in mice and in HOK. Moreover, CBD-activated Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling pathways might be the underlying mechanism for OM recovery.
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Lower Rates Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Observed Among Cannabis Users: A Population-Based Study
Ahmed ElTelbany, George Khoudari, Yasser Al-Khadra, Arthur McCullough, Naim Alkhouri (April 2022)
Using data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database between 2002 and 2014, we identified the patients with HCC and cannabis use diagnosis using the International Classification of Disease 9th version codes (ICD-9). Then, we identified patients without cannabis use as the control group. We adjusted for multiple potential confounders and performed multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine the association between cannabis abuse and HCC.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first and largest population-based cross-sectional study of hospitalized patients to explore the association between cannabis use and HCC. Our analysis revealed that cannabis users were 55% less likely to have HCC compared to non-cannabis users. Due to the cross-sectional structure of our study, we are unable to draw direct causation effects. Hence, we suggest prospective clinical studies to further understand the mechanism by which various active ingredients, particularly CBD in cannabis, may possibly regulate hepatocellular carcinoma development.
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Enhancement Of Conventional and Photodynamic Therapy for Treatment Of Cervical Cancer with Cannabidiol
Radmila Razlog, Cherie Ann Kruger, Heidi Abrahamse (April 2022)
We previously reported that both cannabidiol (CBD) and low‑dose naltrexone (LDN) exhibit complex effects on G‑protein coupled receptors, which can impact the expression and function of other members of this superfamily. These receptors feed into and interact with central signalling cascades that determine the ease by which cells engage in apoptosis, and can be used as a way to prime cancer cells to other treatments. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of combining these two agents on cancer cell lines in vitro and in a mouse model, and focused on how the sequence of administration may affect the overall action. The results showed both agents had minimal effect on cell numbers when used simultaneously; however, the combination of LDN and CBD, delivered in this specific sequence, significantly reduced the number of cells, and was superior to the regimen where the order of the agents was reversed.
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Combination Of Cannabidiol With Low-Dose Naltrexone Increases The Anticancer Action of Chemotherapy In Vitro and In Vivo
Wai M. Liu, Nadine K. Hall, Harry S.Y. Liu, Francis L. Hood, Angus G. Dalgleish (February 2022)
We previously reported that both cannabidiol (CBD) and low‑dose naltrexone (LDN) exhibit complex effects on G‑protein coupled receptors, which can impact the expression and function of other members of this superfamily. These receptors feed into and interact with central signalling cascades that determine the ease by which cells engage in apoptosis, and can be used as a way to prime cancer cells to other treatments. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of combining these two agents on cancer cell lines in vitro and in a mouse model, and focused on how the sequence of administration may affect the overall action. The results showed both agents had minimal effect on cell numbers when used simultaneously; however, the combination of LDN and CBD, delivered in this specific sequence, significantly reduced the number of cells, and was superior to the regimen where the order of the agents was reversed.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabidiol Induces Cell Death In Human Lung Cancer Cells And Cancer Stem Cells
Hussein Hamad, Birgitte Brinkmann Olsen (November 2021)
Lung cancer patients experience resistance to treatment and recurrence attributed to cancer stem cells. Therefore, it is essential to find new treatment strategies that also effectively target this subpopulation as current therapy cannot. The effects of CBD on cancer cell lines have been extensively investigated, but not much is known of the effects on resistant cancer stem cells. Here, we sought to analyze the effect of CBD on resistant lung cancer spheres enriched in cancer stem cells compared to adherent lung cancer cells. We found that CBD reduced viability and induced cell death and increased oxidative stress, and led to a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer stem cell-enriched spheres and the adherent cells in the absence of serum.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Impact Of Cannabis Use On Least Pain Scores Among African American And White Patients With Cancer Pain: A Moderation Analysis
Salimah H Meghani, Ryan Quinn, Rebecca Ashare, Kristin Levoy, Brooke Worster, Mary Naylor, Jesse Chittams, Martin Cheatle (October 2021)
Based on many published reports, African American patients with cancer experience higher pain severity scores and lower pain relief than White patients. This disparity results from undertreatment of pain and is compounded by low adherence to prescribed non-opioid and opioid analgesics among African American patients with cancer. While nearly one in four patients use cannabis to manage cancer-related symptoms, less is known about how cannabis use influences pain relief in this patient population.
This analysis included 136 patients (49 African American, 87 White). Overall, 30.1% of the sample reported cannabis use for cancer pain. The mean “least pain” score on BPI was 3.3 (SD=2.42) on a scale of 0– 10. African American patients had a mean “least pain” score 1.32± 0.48 units higher (indicating lower pain relief) than White patients (p=0.006). Cannabis use did not have a significant main effect (p=0.28). However, cannabis use was a significant moderator of the relationship between race and “least pain” (p=0.03). In the absence of cannabis use, African Americans reported higher “least pain” scores compared to Whites (mean difference=1.631± 0.5, p=0.001). However, this disparity was no longer observed in African American patients reporting cannabis use (mean “least pain” difference=0.587± 0.59, p=0.32).
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Δ9–Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-Rich Compositions From Cannabis Have Cytotoxic Activity Against Ovarian Cancer Cells And Act Synergistically With Niraparib In Vitro
Nurit Shalev, Michelle Kendall, Seegehalli M. Anil, Ajjampura C. Vinayaka, Hinanit Koltai (September 2021)
We identified cannabis compounds with substantial cytotoxic activity against OC cells in vitro, which involves cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This activity was found to be considerably stronger on cancer cells than on normal cells. Indeed, CB2 and TRPV2, which might be involved with the compound’s activity, are expressed more often in malignant tissue. Hence, cannabis-based therapies targeting cancer cells with reduced effect on the healthy surrounding tissues may be envisioned. Our results indicate that cannabis might be regarded as a complementary and effective anti-cancer treatment for OC. Given the favorable safety profile of phytocannabinoids compared to standard pharmacotherapy (e.g., [34]), we propose that clinical trials with cannabis-based products are needed desperately for OC patients.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabidiol Effectiviely Promoted Cell Death In Bladder Cancer And The Improved Intravesical Adhesion Drugs Delivery Strategy Could Be Better Used For Treatment
Shanshan Chen, Changping Deng, Wenyun Zheng, Shihui Li, Yuping Liu, Tong Zhang, Chen Zhang, Yunhui Fu, Hui Miao, Fuzheng Ren, Xingyuan Ma (September 2021)
In the present study, we respectively investigated the antitumor effects and molecular mechanisms induced by CBD in BC cells and developed a drug delivery system based on positively charged CS coated CBD-loaded PLGA particles. This work deeply explored the mechanism of CBD-mediated anti-tumorogenesis and laid the foundation for the future development of bladder perfusion drug delivery strategy.
In conclusion, MTT and colony forming assays showed that CBD could inhibit proliferation on BC cells, including T24, UM-UC-3, and 5637. Especially at 12 µM, the effect on T24 was the most significant. Moreover, cell apoptosis was detected by using nuclear staining, TUNEL, and flow cytometer. Subsequently, wound healing assay suggested that CBD reduced the migration ability of BC cells.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabinoids In The Landscape Of Cancer
Nagina Mangal, Simon Erridge, Nagy Habib, Anguraj Sadanandam, Vikash Reebye, Mikael Hans Sodergren (July 2021)
A database search of peer reviewed articles published in English as full texts between January 1970 and April 2021 in Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PubMed and Web of Science was undertaken. References of relevant literature were searched to identify additional studies to construct a narrative literature review of oncological effects of cannabinoids in pre-clinical and clinical studies in various cancer types.
Cannabinoids have shown to be efficacious both as a single agent and in combination with antineoplastic drugs. These effects have occurred through various receptors and ligands and modulation of signalling pathways involved in hallmarks of cancer pathology.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Therapeutic Potential Of Cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic Acid, And Cannabidiolic Acid Methyl Ester As Treatments for Nausea And Vomiting
Erin M. Rock, Cheryl L. Limebeer, Roger G. Pertwee, Raphael Mechoulam, Linda A. Parker (August 2021)
CBD has demonstrated efficacy in reducing nausea and vomiting, with CBDA and CBDA-ME being more potent. The data suggest a need for these compounds to be evaluated in clinical trials for their ability to reduce nausea and/or vomiting.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Oral THC:CBD Cannabis Extract For Refractory Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea And Vomiting: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Crossover Trial
P. Grimison, A. Mersiades, A. Kirby, N. Lintzeris, R. Morton, P. Haber, I. Oliver, A. Walsh, I. McGregor, Y. Cheung, C. Hahn, K. Briscoe, M. Aghmesheh, P. Fox, E. Abdi, S. Clarke, S. Della-Fiorentina, J. Shannon, C. Gedye, S. Begbie, J. Simes, M. Stockler (August 2020)
The addition of oral THC:CBD to standard antiemetics was associated with less nausea and vomiting but additional side-effects. Most participants preferred THC:CBD to placebo.
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Roles Of Cannabinoids In Melanoma: Evidence From In Vivo Studies
Ava Bachari, Terrence J. Piva, Seyed Alireza Salami, Negar Jamshidi, Nitin Mantri (August 2020)
Evidence from these in vivo studies suggest that the use of THC and CBD no only inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor size but also seemed to improve the quality of life in animal models. A synergistic approach (using two cannabinoids in combination) may be more beneficial for melanoma treatment than the use of individual cannabinoids with a potentially improved quality of life in some patients.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabinoid Effects On Experimental Colorectal Cancer Models Reduce Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) And Tumor Volume: A Systematic Review
Eduardo Orrego-González, Luisa Londoño-Tobón, José Ardila-González, Diego Polania-Tovar, Ana Valencia-Cárdenas, Alberto Velez-Van Meerbeke (July 2020)
Current literature findings demonstrate that cannabinoids might have potential as antineoplastic agents because they can reduce tumor volume and ACF formation. Induction of apoptosis through several mechanisms is the main action of cannabinoids on CRC, while inhibition of angiogenesis and mitotic catastrophe were also reported.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Anti-Cancer Potential Of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, And Flavonoids Present In Cannabis
Andrea M. Tomko, Erin G. Whynot, Lee D. Ellis, Denis J. Dupré (July 2020)
As multiple compounds, whether cannabinoids, terpenes or flavonoids have also been shown to display synergistic effects with current chemotherapeutic agents, this may allow for a reduced dosage of each agent required to produce a therapeutic effect, which has the potential to decrease adverse effects experienced by patients from treatments.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Dronabinol For The Treatment of Paraneoplastic Night Sweats In Cancer Patients
Carr, Connie; Vertelney, Haley; Fronk, Joshua; Trieu, Sandy (February 2019)
Night sweats significantly impact the quality of life for cancer patients and are often resistant to treatment. Cannabinoids have been shown to modulate cytokine activity and produce hypothermia in animal models, suggesting that they may be a promising candidate for palliation of night sweats in patients with oncologic disease.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Lung Cancer Response To Self-Administration Of Cannabidiol: A Case Report And Literature Review
Sule-Suso, J; Watson, NA; van Pittius, DG; Jegannathen, A (February 2019)
In spite of new drugs, lung cancer is associated with a very poor prognosis. Whilst targeted therapies are improving outcomes, it is not uncommon for many patients to have only a partial response, and relapse during follow up. Thus, new drugs or re-evaluation of existing therapies used to treat other non-malignant diseases (drug repurposing) are still needed. While this research both in vitro and in vivo is being carried out, it is important to be attentive to patients where the disease responds to treatments not considered standard in clinical practice. We report here a patient with adenocarcinoma of the lung who, after declining chemotherapy and radiotherapy, presented with tumour response following self-administration of cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive compound present in cannabis sativa. Prior work has shown that cannabidiol may have anti-neoplastic properties and enhance the immune response to cancer. The data presented here indicates that cannabidiol might have led to a striking response in a patient with lung cancer.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabinoids As A Potential New And Novel Treatment For Melanoma: A Pilot Study In A Murine Model
Erika Simmerman DO; Xu Qin DDS; Jack C. Yu MD, DMD; Babak Baban PhD (October 2018)
Malignant melanoma is a complex malignancy with significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence continues to rise, and despite advances in treatment, the prognosis is poor. Thus, it is necessary to develop novel strategies to treat this aggressive cancer. Synthetic cannabinoids have been implicated in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, reducing tumor growth, and reducing metastasis. We developed a unique study focusing on the effects of treatment with a cannabinoid derivative on malignant melanoma tumors in a murine model. We demonstrate a potential beneficial therapeutic effect of cannabinoids, which could influence the course of melanoma in a murine model. Increased survival and less tumorgenicity are novel findings that should guide research to better understand the mechanisms by which cannabinoids could be utilized as adjunctive treatment of cancer, specifically melanoma. Further studies are necessary to evaluate this potentially new and novel treatment of malignant melanoma.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 Induces Cell Cycle Arrest And Apoptosis, And Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, And Tumor Growth In Prostate Cancer In A Cannabinoid-Receptor 2 dependent manner.
Roberto D, Klotz LH, Venkateswaran V (September 2018)
Cannabinoids have demonstrated anticarcinogenic properties in a variety of malignancies, including in prostate cancer. In the present study, we explored the anti-cancer effects of the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) in prostate cancer. WIN significantly reduced prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, induced apoptosis, and arrested cells in Go/G1 phase in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies revealed these effects were mediated through a pathway involving cell cycle regulators p27, Cdk4, and pRb. Pre-treatment with a CB2 antagonist, AM630, followed by treatment with WIN resulted in a reversal of the anti-proliferation and cell cycle arrest previously seen with WIN alone. In vivo, administration of WIN resulted in a reduction in the tumor growth rate compared to control (P < 0.05). The following study provides evidence supporting the use of WIN as a novel therapeutic for prostate cancer.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabidiol (CBD) Is A Novel Inhibitor For Exosome and Microvesicle (EMV) Release In Cancer
Kosgodage US, Mould R, Henley AB, Nunn AV, Guy GW, Thomas EL, Inal JM, Bell JD, Lange S (August 2018)
Recent studies show that EMV-inhibiting agents can sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents and reduce cancer growth in vivo. Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis sativa, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, and displays anti-proliferative activity. Here we report a novel role for CBD as a potent inhibitor of EMV release from three cancer cell lines: prostate cancer (PC3), hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231). CBD significantly reduced exosome release in all three cancer cell lines, and also significantly, albeit more variably, inhibited microvesicle release.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Anti‐Tumoural Actions Of Cannabinoids
Burkhard Hinz and Robert Ramer (July 2018)
Although the clinical use of cannabinoid receptor ligands is limited by their psychoactivity, nonpsychoactive compounds, such as cannabidiol, have gained attention due to preclinically established anticancer properties and a favourable risk‐to‐benefit profile. Thus, cannabinoids may complement the currently used collection of chemotherapeutics, as a broadly diversified option for cancer treatment, while counteracting some of their severe side effects.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabis For The Management Of Cancer Symptoms: THC Version 2.0?
Guzmán, Manuel (May 2018)
Nowadays, on practical grounds, interpretation of empirical records on medical cannabis use, combined with a rational application of our current understanding of the mechanism of cannabinoid action, as well as some “trial and error,” may be the only way to delineate which cannabis preparations may adjust best (in terms of efficacy and tolerability) to the specific needs of each patient at each disease stage. Hopefully, this relatively fragile strategy will evolve in the near future for the appreciable benefit of the patient.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Enhancing The Therapeutic Efficacy Of Cancer Treatment With Cannabinoids
Sayeda Yasmin-Karim, Michele Moreau, Romy Mueller, Neeharika Sinha, Raymond Dabney, Allen Herman and Wilfred Ngwa (May 2018)
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers, with a dismal 5-year survival rate of less than 5% (24, 25). Meanwhile lung cancer is amongst the top killers, with a growing burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries with limited access to treatment (19). There is, thus, great need to develop more effective and accessible therapeutic approaches for treating these cancers. Our results suggest that the use of a combination of strategies could allow for greater therapeutic efficacy when using CBDs for cancer treatment. The in vitro study results showing synergistic outcomes when using CBDs in combination with RT are in consonance with previous work highlighted in recent reviews (1, 2).
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Inhibition Of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibits Tumor Growth In A Murine Model Of Breast Cancer
Sun, Jeffrey Ching-Ruey (December 2017)
By inhibiting FAAH using the inhibitor URB 597, we can harness the body’s natural production of endocannabinoids to encourage apoptosis in cancer cells. We have shown through in vitro models that FAAH is present in breast cancer and increased apoptosis can be achieved through the addition of exogenous endocannabinoids and URB 597. Here, we develop an in vitro model of breast cancer using GFP & luciferase transduced breast cancer cells and an immune-deficient mouse model.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Effect Of Phytocannabinoids And Endocannabinoids On Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation
Bert Crawford (March 2017)
The phytocannabinoids tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) and the endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) exhibit antiproliferative effect on cancer cells derived from diiferent organs, including thyroid, brain, prostate and breast. THC and the endocannabinoids are known agonists at the G-protein coupled receptors (CB1 and CB2), which appear to mediate the antiproliferative effect on some of the cancer cells. CBD’s antiproliferative effect, on the other hand, is mediated via CB receptor-independent mechanism. In this study, I hypothesized that ovarian cancer cell proliferation will be also inhibited by these cannabinoids.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Anticancer Mechanisms Of Cannabinoids
G. Velasco, PhD, C. Sánchez, PhD, and M. Guzmán, PhD (March 2016)
In this review, we discuss the current understanding of cannabinoids as antitumour agents, focusing on recent discoveries about their molecular mechanisms of action, including resistance mechanisms and opportunities for their use in combination therapy. Those observations have already contributed to the foundation for the development of the first clinical studies that will analyze the safety and potential clinical benefit of cannabinoids as anticancer agents.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Proapoptotic Effect Of Endocannabinoids In Prostate Cancer Cells
O. Orellana-Serradell, C. E. Poblete, C. Sanchez, E. A. Castellón, I. Gallegos, C. Huidobro, M. N. Llanos, H. R. Contreras (January 2015)
Treatment with endocannabinoids resulted in an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells as determined by Annexin V assays and caused an increase in the levels of activated caspase-3 and a reduction in the levels of Bcl-2 confirming that the reduction in cell viability noted in the MTT assay was caused by the activation of the apoptotic pathway. Finally, we observed that endocannabinoid treatment activated the Erk pathway and at the same time, produced a decrease in the activation levels of the Akt pathway. Based on these results, we suggest that endocannabinoids may be a beneficial option for the treatment of prostate cancer that has become nonresponsive to common therapies.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Endocannabinoids And Cancer
Guillermo Velasco, Cristina Sánchez, Manuel Guzmán (2015)
A large body of evidence shows that cannabinoids, in addition to their well-known palliative effects on some cancer-associated symptoms, can reduce tumour growth in animal models of cancer. They do so by modulating key cell signalling pathways involved in the control of cancer cell proliferation and survival. In addition, cannabinoids inhibit angiogenesis and cell proliferation in different types of tumours in laboratory animals. By contrast, little is known about the biological role of the endocannabinoid system in cancer physio-pathology, and several studies suggest that it may be over-activated in cancer.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Regulation Of Circulating Endocannabinoids Associated With Cancer And Metastases In Mice And Humans
Sebastian Sailler, Katja Schmitz, Elke Jäger, Nerea Ferreiros, Sabine Wicker, Katja Zschiebsch, Geethanjali Pickert, Gerd Geisslinger, Carmen Walter, Irmgard Tegeder, and Jörn Lötsch (April 2014)
The endocannabinoid system was subject to cancer-associated regulations to an extent that led to measurable changes in circulating endocannabinoid levels, emphasizing the importance of the endocannabinoid system in the pathophysiology of cancer.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.