Obesity / Metabolic Syndrome

Foodomics Reveals Anti-Obesity Properties of Cannabinoids from Hemp Oil

Ziwen Ding, Fan Jiang, Jiachen Shi, Yanan Wang, Mengxue He, Chin Ping Tan, Yuanfa Liu, Yong-Jiang Xu (November 2022)

Molecular networking (MN) analysis intends to provide chemical insight of untargeted mass spectrometry (MS) data to the user's underlying biological questions. Foodomics is the study of chemical compounds in food using advanced omics methods. In this study, an MS-MN-based foodomics approach is developed to investigate the composition and anti-obesity activity of cannabinoids in hemp oil.

A total of 16 cannabinoids are determined in optimized microwave pretreatment of hemp oil using the developed approach. Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals that cannabinoid extract (CE) and its major constituent (cannabidiol, CBD), can alleviate high glucose-induced increases in lipids and carbohydrates, and decreases in amino acid and nucleic acid. Moreover, CE and CBD are also found to suppress the expression levels of mdt-15, sbp-1, fat-5, fat-6, fat-7, daf-2, and elevate the expression level of daf-1, daf-7, daf-16, sod-3, gst-4, lipl-4, resulting in the decrease of lipid synthesis and the enhance of kinetism. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) uncovers strong associations between specific metabolic alterations and gene expression levels.

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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response by Chronic Cannabidiol Administration is Associated with Improved n-6/n-3 PUFA Ratio in the White and Red Skeletal Muscle in a Rat Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity

Patrycja Bielawiec, Ewa Harasim-Symbor, Klaudia Sztolsztener, Karolina Konstantynowicz-Nowicka, Adrian Chabowski (May 2021)

Taken altogether, our results clearly demonstrated that an HFD promotes excessive accumulation of fatty acids in the skeletal muscle with a concomitant shift in the n-6/n-3 PUFA balance towards n-6 PUFAs, which is related to an increasing inflammatory response and oxidative stress and may contribute to obesity-associated onset of insulin resistance. Moreover, our data suggest that the impact of oxidative stress affects skeletal muscle function and metabolism when lipid FA overabundance is fiber type-specific. The major finding of the present study is that two-week CBD treatment effectively reduced the accumulation of fatty acids in muscular lipid pools and shifted the equilibrium of n-6/n-3 PUFAs in favor of anti-inflammatory n-3 PUFAs regardless of muscle metabolism. Moreover, CBD prevented generation of lipid peroxidation products, particularly in the glycolytic fibers. Concomitantly, it increased the antioxidative capacity of the muscles. Collectively, our observations emphasize the notion that chronic CBD administration may have a great therapeutic potential in the treatment of obesity-associated complications by alleviating inflammation and related lipid mediators as well as oxidative stress, which coincide with insulin resistance in obesity.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

A Pilot Study On The Effect Of Cannabis Extract On Weight Loss In Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Janh YJ, Lim SW, Woo SY, Kim SY, Kim DK (August 2020)

This study shows that orally administered cannabis extract had a pharmacological effect of weight loss in diet-induced obese mice. This weight loss may be attributed to an increase in energy expenditure and regulation of glucose homeostasis.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Effects of a Weight Loss Program on Metabolic Syndrome, Eating Disorders and Psychological Outcomes: Mediation by Endocannabinoids

Thomas Murphy, Bernard Le Foli (June 2020)

Obesity rates are increasing worldwide and there is a need for novel therapeutic treatment options. The endocannabinoid system has been linked to homeostatic processes, including metabolism, food intake, and the regulation of body weight. Rimonabant, an inverse agonist for the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, was effective at producing weight loss in obese subjects. However, due to adverse psychiatric side effects, rimonabant was removed from the market. More recently, we reported an inverse relationship between cannabis use and BMI, which has now been duplicated by several groups. As those results may appear contradictory, we review here preclinical and clinical studies that have studied the impact on body weight of various cannabinoid CB1 drugs.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Effects of a Weight Loss Program on Metabolic Syndrome, Eating Disorders and Psychological Outcomes: Mediation by Endocannabinoids

Pataky Z.; Carrard I.; Gay V.; Thomas A.; Carpentier A.; Bobbioni-Harsch E.; Golay A.  (April 2018)

Objective: To evaluate the effects of weight loss on endocannabinoids, cardiometabolic and psychological parameters, eating disorders (ED) as well as quality of life (QoL) and to elucidate the role of endocannabinoids in metabolic syndrome (MS). Conclusion:Plasma PEA might play a role in metabolic improvement after weight loss. Even in subjects without weight loss, a multidisciplinary intervention improves psychological outcomes, ED, and QoL.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Cannabinoids in health and disease: pharmacological potential in metabolic syndrome and neuroinflammation

Andrea Mastinu, Marika Premoli, Giulia Ferrari-Toninelli, Simone Tambaro, Giuseppina Maccarinelli, Sara Anna Bonini  (March 2018)

The use of different natural and/or synthetic preparations of Cannabis sativa is associated with therapeutic strategies for many diseases. Indeed, thanks to the widespread diffusion of the cannabinoidergic system in the brain and in the peripheral districts, its stimulation, or inhibition, regulates many pathophysiological phenomena. In particular, central activation of the cannabinoidergic system modulates the limbic and mesolimbic response which leads to food craving. Moreover, cannabinoid agonists are able to reduce inflammatory response. In this review a brief history of cannabinoids and the protagonists of the endocannabinoidergic system, i.e. synthesis and degradation enzymes and main receptors, will be described.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Polymorphism rs1761667 in the CD36 Gene Is Associated to Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Circulating Endocannabinoid Levels Distinctively in Normal Weight and Obese Subjects

Melania Melis, Gianfranca Carta, Stefano Pintus, Paolo Pintus, Carla A. Piras, Elisabetta Murru, Claudia Manca, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Sebastiano Banni, and Iole Tomassini Barbarossa (December 2017)

The multifunctional CD36 scavenger receptor facilitates fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation and it has been involved in the pathophysiology related to dysfunctional FA metabolism. The common variant in the CD36 gene, rs1761667 (A/G), whose allele A is characterized by a reduced protein expression, has been associated with taste sensitivity to and preference for fat. These data indicate that the CD36polymorphism, rs1761667, leads to a distinct metabolic pattern in NW and in OB subjects. Therefore, their determination may be crucial in developing personalized therapeutic strategies for ameliorating dyslipidemia and other metabolic disorders.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Impact of Akkermansia muciniphila and the intestinal endocannabinoid system on the metabolic syndrome

Hubert Plovier  (June 2017)

Obesity and associated disorders such as type 2 diabetes are a major public health concern worldwide. It is therefore crucial to better understand the underlying mechanisms of these pathologies and to develop new strategies to limit their development. Among the factors involved in obesity, this thesis is focused on the interactions between the intestinal epithelium, the endocannabinoid system and the gut microbiota. The data we obtained give a better understanding of the role of the intestinal endocannabinoid system in the metabolic adaptations to diet-induced obesity. Further, they reinforce our knowledge of the role of the bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Finally, they constitute an important step in the evaluation of therapeutic effects of this bacterium as a tool against the development of obesity.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Relationship between Years of Marijuana Use and the Four Main Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome among United States Adults

Barbara A Yankey, Richard Rothenberg, Sheryl Strasser, Kim Ramsey-White, Ike S Okosun  (February 2017)

Irrespective of the criteria for metabolic syndrome, each year of marijuana use showed increased odds of having metabolic syndrome, hypertension or high oral glucose tolerance test levels. This increased odd is in contrast to most findings in literature. The small, yet consistent increase in odds for hypertension was slightly higher than that observed with cigarette smoking. Recreational marijuana use may be detrimental to cardiovascular health. A standardized definition of marijuana use will be relevant for further investigation.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Endocannabinoids and metabolism: past, present and future

Vincent Simon and Daniela Cota  (February 2017)

The endocannabinoid system (ECS), including cannabinoid type 1 and type 2 receptors (CB1R and CB2R), endogenous ligands called endocannabinoids and their related enzymatic machinery, is known to have a role in the regulation of energy balance. Past information generated on the ECS, mainly focused on the involvement of this system in the central nervous system regulation of food intake, while at the same time clinical studies pointed out the therapeutic efficacy of brain penetrant CB1R antagonists like rimonabant for obesity and metabolic disorders.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

A peripheral endocannabinoid mechanism contributes to glucocorticoid-mediated metabolic syndrome

Nicole P. Bowles, Ilia N. Karatsoreos, Xiaosong Li, V. Kiran Vemuri, Jodi-Anne Wood, Zhiying Li, Kellie L. K. Tamashiro, Gary J. Schwartz, Alexandros M. Makriyannis, George Kunos, Cecilia J. Hillard, Bruce S. McEwen, and Matthew N. Hill  (December 2014)

Glucocorticoids are known to promote the development of metabolic syndrome through the modulation of both feeding pathways and metabolic processes; however, the precise mechanisms of these effects are not well-understood. Recent evidence shows that glucocorticoids possess the ability to increase endocannabinoid signaling, which is known to regulate appetite, energy balance, and metabolic processes through both central and peripheral pathways. The aim of this study was to determine the role of endocannabinoid signaling in glucocorticoid-mediated obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Energy balance regulation by endocannabinoids at central and peripheral levels

Quarta C, Mazza R, Obici S, Pasquali R, Pagotto U. (November 2012)

Dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a universal and, perhaps, causative feature of obesity. Central nervous system (CNS) circuits that regulate food intake were initially believed to be the targets for dysregulation. This review summarizes the emerging roles of the ECS in energy balance and discusses future pharmacological approaches for developing peripherally restricted CB1r antagonists.

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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.