Neuropathic Pain

Cannabis-Based Medicines and Medical Cannabis for Patients with Neuropathic Pain and Other Pain Disorders: Nationwide Register-Based Pharmacoepidemiologic Comparison with Propensity Score Matched Controls

Carsten Hjorthoj, Peter La Cour, Merete Nordentoft, Christine Merrild Posselt (October 2021)

We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study in Denmark, identifying all individuals redeeming at least one prescription for CBM/MC for either neuropathic pain (n = 1817) or other and unspecified pain disorders (n = 924), and to match one control to each case using propensity score matching.

Among both patient groups, users of THC used more opioids during follow-up than controls. Among patients with neuropathic pain, however, users of either CBD, THC, or combined CBD + THC used less gabapentin than controls. Users of all three classes of CBM/MC were hospitalized fewer days than controls among neuropathic-pain patients but not among patients with other or unspecified pain disorders.

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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Targeting the Endocannabinoid System for Management of HIV-Associated Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review

Esraa Aly, WIllias Masocha (January 2021)

In conclusion, there is evidence from RCTs for the efficacy of smoked cannabis for alleviating HIV-NP, however, its mode of administration and possible psychoactive side effects makes it not ideal for standard therapy of a chronic condition. Some of the agents that modulate the ECS such as CB2R-selective inhibitors, FAAH inhibitors and the IPM combination were found to be effective in preclinical studies of HIV-NP and might be worth considering for clinical studies.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Orally Consumed Cannabinoids Provide Long-Lasting Relief of Allodynia in a Mouse Model of Chronic Neuropathic Pain

Anthony Abraham, Edward Leung, Brenden Wong, Zeena Rivera, Lauren Kruse, Jeremy Clark and Benjamin Land (December 2019)

Cannabinoids show promise in the management of pain, but long-term treatment of pain with cannabinoids has been challenging to implement in preclinical models. We developed a voluntary, gelatin oral self-administration paradigm that allowed male and female mice to consume ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, or morphine ad libitum. Mice stably consumed these gelatins over 3 weeks, with detectable serum levels. Using a real-time gelatin measurement system, we observed that mice consumed gelatin throughout the light and dark cycles, with animals consuming less THC-gelatin than the other gelatin groups. Consumption of all three gelatins reduced measures of allodynia in a chronic, neuropathic sciatic nerve injury model, but tolerance to morphine developed after 1 week while THC or CBD reduced allodynia over three weeks.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

The Use of Medical Cannabis for Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain: An Integrative Research Review

Brittany L. Van Dover and Maria Rosario-Sim (August 2019)

The use of medical cannabis as treatment for chronic neuropathic pain is increasing in popularity as an alternative for opioids and other neuropathic agents. The aim of this integrative research review (IRR) was to explore the efficacy of medical cannabis for chronic neuropathic pain treatment.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Cannabis Analgesia in Chronic Neuropathic Pain is Associated with Altered Brain Connectivity

Libat Weizman, Lior Dayan, Silviu Brill, Hadas Nahman-Averbuch, Talma Hendler, Giris Jacob, Haggai Sharon  (September 2018)

To characterize the functional brain changes involved in δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) modulation of chronic neuropathic pain. THC significantly reduced patients’ pain compared to placebo. THC-induced analgesia was correlated with a reduction in functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the sensorimotor cortex. Moreover, the degree of reduction was predictive of the response to THC. Graph theory analyses of local measures demonstrated reduction in network connectivity in areas involved in pain processing, and specifically in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which were correlated with individual pain reduction.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

The Endogenous Cannabinoid System: A Budding Source of Targets for Treating Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain

Giulia Donvito, Sara R Nass, Jenny L Wilkerson, Zachary A Curry, Lesley D Schurman, Steven G Kinsey & Aron H Lichtman  (August 2017)

Emerging clinical studies show that ‘medicinal’ cannabis or cannabinoid-based medications relieve pain in human diseases such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, and fibromyalgia. However, clinical data have yet to demonstrate the analgesic efficacy of inhibitors of endocannabinoid-regulating enzymes. Likewise, the question of whether pharmacotherapies aimed at the endocannabinoid system promote opioid-sparing effects in the treatment of pain reflects an important area of research. Here we examine the preclinical and clinical evidence of various endocannabinoid system targets as potential therapeutic strategies for inflammatory and neuropathic pain conditions.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Endocannabinoid activation of CB1 receptors contributes to long‐lasting reversal of neuropathic pain by repetitive spinal cord stimulation

L. Sun, L. Tai, Q. Qiu, R. Mitchell , S. Fleetwood‐Walker,E.A. Joosten,C.W. Cheung  (January 2017)

The endocannabinoid system, and in particular the CB1R, plays a pivotal role in the long‐lasting and incremental reversal of hyperalgesia induced by repetitive SCS in a neuropathic pain model.  Alternative parameters for repetitive spinal cord stimulation (SCS) at 25/10 Hz elicit particularly long‐lasting and incremental reversal of hyperalgesia in a neuropathic pain model through a mechanism involving endocannabinoids.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

The endocannabinoid system and neuropathic pain

Rafael Maldonado, Josep Eladi Baños, David Cabañero  (February 2016)

One of the neurotransmitter systems participating in neuropathic pain control that has recently raised a particular interest is the endocannabinoid system. This system is highly expressed in neurons and immune cells, and it plays a crucial role in the development of neuropathic pain. Preclinical studies have provided important findings, revealing the potential interest of the endocannabinoid system for the treatment of neuropathic pain. These studies have reported the analgesic effects of cannabinoid agonists in multiple neuropathic pain models, and they have identified specific targets within this system to develop more effective and safe analgesic compounds.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

A Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor-Positive Allosteric Modulator Reduces Neuropathic Pain in the Mouse with No Psychoactive Effects

Bogna M Ignatowska-Jankowska, Gemma L Baillie, Steven Kinsey, Molly Crowe, Sudeshna Ghosh, Robert A Owens, Imad M Damaj, Justin Poklis, Jenny L Wiley, Matteo Zanda, Chiara Zanato, Iain R Greig, Aron H Lichtman & Ruth A Ross  (June 2015)

The CB1 receptor represents a promising target for the treatment of several disorders including pain-related disease states. However, therapeutic applications of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and other CB1orthosteric receptor agonists remain limited because of psychoactive side effects. Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) offer an alternative approach to enhance CB1 receptor function for therapeutic gain with the promise of reduced side effects. Here we describe the development of the novel synthetic CB1 PAM, 6-methyl-3-(2-nitro-1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)-2-phenyl-1H-indole (ZCZ011), which augments the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological actions of the CB1 orthosteric agonists CP55,940 and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA).

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Endocannabinoids and neuropathic pain: focus on neuron–glia and endocannabinoid–neurotrophin interactions

Livio Luongo, Sabatino Maione, Vincenzo Di Marzo  (February 2014)

Although originally described as a signalling system encompassing the cannabinoid CB1and CB2 receptors, their endogenous agonists (the endocannabinoids), and metabolic enzymes regulating the levels of such agonists, the endocannabinoid system is now viewed as being more complex, and including metabolically related endocannabinoid‐like mediators and their molecular targets as well. The function and dysfunction of this complex signalling system in the molecular and cellular mechanisms of pain transduction and control has been widely studied over the last two decades. In this review article, we describe some of the latest advances in our knowledge on the role of the endocannabinoid system, in its most recent and wider conception, in pain pathways, by focusing on: (1) neuron–glia interactions; and (2) emerging data on endocannabinoid cross‐talk with neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Blockade of Endocannabinoid-Degrading Enzymes Attenuates Neuropathic Pain

S.G. Kinsey, J.Z. Long, S.T. O’Neal, R.A. Abdullah, J.L. Poklis, D.L. Boger, B.F. Cravatt and A.H. Lichtman  (September 2009)

Direct-acting cannabinoid receptor agonists are well known to reduce hyperalgesic responses and allodynia after nerve injury, although their psychoactive side effects have damped enthusiasm for their therapeutic development. Alternatively, inhibiting fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), the principal enzymes responsible for the degradation of the respective endogenous cannabinoids, anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachydonylglycerol (2-AG), reduce nociception in a variety of nociceptive assays, with no or minimal behavioral effects. In the present study we tested whether inhibition of these enzymes attenuates mechanical allodynia, and acetone-induced cold allodynia in mice subjected to chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.

Minocycline treatment inhibits microglial activation and alters spinal levels of endocannabinoids in a rat model of neuropathic pain

Leonardo Guasti, Denise Richardson, Maulik Jhaveri, Khalil Eldeeb, David Barrett, Maurice R Elphick, Stephen PH Alexander, David Kendall, Gregory J Michael and Victoria Chapman  (July 2009)

Activation of spinal microglia contributes to aberrant pain responses associated with neuropathic pain states. Endocannabinoids (ECs) are present in the spinal cord, and inhibit nociceptive processing; levels of ECs may be altered by microglia which modulate the turnover of endocannabinoids in vitro. Here, we investigate the effect of minocycline, an inhibitor of activated microglia, on levels of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), and the related compound N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA), in neuropathic spinal cord. Selective spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in rats resulted in mechanical allodynia and the presence of activated microglia in the ipsilateral spinal cord.

Important Notice

If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.