Cancer
Cannabidiol Promotes Apoptosis Of Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro And In Vivo By Activating The SP1-CBX2 Axis
Fangxing Xu, Guiyuan Sun, Zhibin Peng, Jingsong Liu, Zecheng Li, Jinglong Yan (February 2022)
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor that often occurs in children, adolescents, and young adults. Cannabidiol plays an essential role in cancer treatment. However, its effects on osteosarcoma have not yet been addressed. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacological effects of cannabidiol on osteosarcoma. We found that cannabidiol effectively suppressed the proliferation and colony formation of osteosarcoma cells. Further studies showed that cannabidiol significantly promoted cell apoptosis and changes in cell apoptosis-related gene proteins in vitro. In addition, cannabidiol administration inhibited tumor growth and promoted the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells in a mouse xenograft model.
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Comparison of Effects of Medicinal Cannabis or Standard Palliative Care on Quality of Life of Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma in Northeast Thailand
Narisara Phansila, Chaiyasit Sittiwet, and Ranee Wongkongdech (January 2022)
This prospective cohort study aimed to compare the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among 72 newly diagnosed CCA patients; 42 patients who received cannabis treatment (CT) and 30 patients who received a standard palliative care treatment (ST).
Global health status and functional scales, for both groups were high at pre-treatment. At 2 and 4 month follow-up, CT group patients had consistent statistically significantly better Palliative Performance Scale (PPS), and QoL scores, and many symptom scores than the ST group.
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Different Cannabis Sativa Extraction Methods Result in Different Biological Activities Against a Colon Cancer Cell Line and Healthy Colon Cells
Jan Rozanc, Petra Kotnik, Marko Milojevic, Lidija Gradisnik, Masa Knez Hrncic, Zeljko Knez, Uros Maver (March 2021)
The experiments performed on the colon cancer cells confirmed that Cannabis extracts have selectively decreased these cells’ viability, which agrees with recently published studies [25,60]. An important beneficial side effect is that they simultaneously have a stimulatory effect on healthy intestinal cells. Several studies have indicated such cancer-specific mode of action [24,61], although the exact molecular mechanisms remain an important open question in the field. As already discussed in the literature, the high antioxidative properties of Cannabis sativa could be the reason for the protection of healthy cells from the cytotoxic effect of various chemotherapeutics. The same effect could also counterbalance the extracts’ antiproliferative effects on healthy cells as observed in this study [62,63].
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Effect of Cannabis on Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Among Oncology Patients: A Retrospective Analysis
Barliz Waissengrin, Dan Mirelman, Sharon Pelles, Felix Bukstein, Deborah T. Blumenthal, Ido Wolf, Ravit Geva (February 2021)
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common and dosage-limited oxaliplatin-related toxicity. To date, there are no successful interventions for CIPN prevention or treatment. A therapeutic role for cannabis in diabetic and HIV-related peripheral neuropathy and a protective role in CIPN have been suggested. We examined the effect of cannabis on oncologic patients with CIPN.
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The Pro-Apoptosis Effects of Echinacea purpurea and Cannabis sativa Extracts in Human Lung Cancer Cells Through Caspase-Dependent Pathway
Fatemah Hosami, Azadeh Manayi, Vahid Salimi, Farshad Khodakhah, Mitra Nourbakhsh, Britt Nakstad and Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki (January 2021)
Considering the advantages of using medicinal herbs as supplementary treatments to sensitize conventional anti-cancer drugs, studying functional mechanisms and regulatory effects of Echinacea purpurea (as a non-cannabinoid plant) and Cannabis sativa (as a cannabinoid plant) are timely and required. The potential effects of such herbs on lung cancer cell growth, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, caspase activity and their cannabinomimetic properties on the CB2 receptor are addressed in the current study.
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The Efficacy of Medical Marijuana in the Treatment of Cancer-Related Pain
Ian Pawasarat, Emily Schultz, Justin Frisby, Samir Mehta, Mark Angelo, Samuel Hardy, Tae Won Kim (May 2020)
The opioid epidemic has spurred investigations for nonopioid options, yet limited research persists on medical marijuana's (MMJ) efficacy in managing cancer-related symptoms.
MMJ improved oncology patients' ESAS scores despite opioid dose reductions and should be considered a viable adjuvant therapy for palliative management.
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Cannabidiol in Cancer Treatment
Likar, Kostenberger & Nahler (January 2020)
Preclinical studies, particularly recent ones, including numerous animal models of tumors, unanimously suggest the therapeutic efficacy of CBD. In isolated combination studies, synergistic effects were generally observed. In addition, CBD may potentially play a role in the palliative care of patients, especially concerning symptoms such as pain, insomnia, anxiety, and depression. Further human studies are warranted.
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Oncologists’ Perspectives on Medical Marijuana for the Elderly
Desiree Rachel Azizoddin, Andrea Catherine Enzinger, Alexi A. Wright, Miryam Yusufov, Fangxin Hong, James A. Tulsky, Eric G Campbell, William F. Pirl, Manan Nayak and Ilana Braun (December 2019)
Cancer patients are increasingly using medical marijuana (MM) to manage symptoms and treatment side effects. Although cancer disproportionately affects the elderly, little is known about oncologists’ attitudes toward MM in this population. We surveyed US oncologists’ beliefs about the benefits of MM for older adults, and examined their associations with oncologists’ perceptions of MM efficacy and safety.
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Exploring Cancer Survivors’ Attitudes, Perceptions, and Concerns About Using Medical Cannabis for Symptom and Side Effect Management: A Qualitative Focus Group Study
David Victorson, Megan McMahon, Bruriah Horowitz, Sydney Glickson, Brandy Parker and Leslie Mendoza-Temple (December 2019)
The purpose of this study is to gain a greater understanding of cancer survivors’ attitudes, perspectives, and concerns about medical cannabinoids (MCs) for cancer symptom and side effect management. Using qualitative methods, we conducted four focus groups (n = 19) with cancer survivors recruited from a community-based cancer wellness center. Groups were audio-recorded and facilitated by experienced co-moderators who directed discussion using a semi-structured interview guide. Transcripts were coded using principles from Grounded Theory. Analyses revealed the following ten themes and percentages of codes applied: 1) Attitudes & Beliefs (25.3%), 2) Access (17.1%), 3) Information (15.5%), 4) Concern (14%), 5) How MCs Helped (12.6%), 6) Comfort (4.3%), 7) Confusion (3.6%), 8) Trust/Distrust (3.1%), 9) Behaviors (2.3%), and 10) Support (2.2%).
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A Randomized Trial of Medical Cannabis (MC) in Patients with Advanced Cancer (AC) to Assess Impact on Opioid Use and Cancer-related Symptoms
Dylan Zylla, Justin Eklund, Grace Gilmore, Alissa Gavenda, Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez & Pamala Pawloski (December 2019)
Higher pain and greater long-term opioid requirements have been associated with shorter survival and decreased quality of life (QOL) in patients with AC. Routine use of MC is limited by a lack of rigorous scientific data and concerns about side effects, legal ramifications, and cost. Methods: 30 patients with stage IV cancer requiring opioids were randomized 1:1 to early cannabis (EC, n=15) vs. delayed cannabis (DC, n=15). The EC group was provided with 3 months (3M) of MC at no charge, while the DC group received standard oncology care without MC for the first 3M. Patients met with licensed pharmacists at one of two MC manufacturers to determine optimal MC dosing, formulation, and route. Patients completed monthly pain logs, opioid/MC logs, and validated Patient-Reported Symptom Monitoring surveys.
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A Clinical Trial of Cannabis As Targeted Therapy for Indolent Leukemic
Christopher Melén, Magali Merrien, Agata Wasik, Kristina Sonnevi, Henna-Riikka Junlén, Birger Christersson, Birgitta Sander & Björn E Wahlin (November 2019)
Cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2) are tentative treatment-targets in cancer. They are activated by endogenous cannabinoids and by plant cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). CB2 is expressed in normal and malignant lymphocytes while CB1 expression is low in normal lymphocytes but high in mantle cell lymphomas and half of cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Agonists to CB1 and CB2 induce cell death of CB1 or CB2 expressing lymphoid cell lines (Gustafsson, K. et al. Int J Cancer 2008). CB1 and CB2 regulate tissue localization and homing of leukocytes (Muppidi JR, et al. J Exp Med. 2011; Wasik et al., 2014, Oncoscience).
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Cannabidiol Promotes Apoptosis via Regulation of XIAP/Smac in Gastric Cancer
Soyeon Jeong, Min Jee Jo, Hye Kyeong Yun, Dae Yeong Kim, Bo Ram Kim, Jung Lim Kim, Seong Hye Park, Yoo Jin Na, Yoon A Jeong, Bu Gyeom Kim, Hassan Ashktorab, Duane T. Smoot, Jun Young Heo, Jeongsu Han, Sun Il Lee, Han Do Kim, Dae Hyun Kim, Sang Cheul Oh & Dae-Hee Lee (November 2019)
According to recent studies, Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the main components of Cannabis sativa, has anticancer effects in several cancers. However, the exact mechanism of CBD action is not currently understood. Here, CBD promoted cell death in gastric cancer. We suggest that CBD induced apoptosis by suppressing X-linked inhibitor apoptosis (XIAP), a member of the IAP protein family. CBD reduced XIAP protein levels while increasing ubiquitination of XIAP. The expression of Smac, a known inhibitor of XIAP, was found to be elevated during CBD treatment. Moreover, CBD treatment increased the interaction between XIAP and Smac by increasing Smac release from mitochondria to the cytosol. CBD has also been shown to affect mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, these results suggest that CBD may have potential as a new therapeutic target in gastric cancer.
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Non-Prescription Cannabis Use for Symptom Management Amongst Women with Gynecologic Malignancies
Erin A. Blake, Megan Ross, Ugonna Ihenacho, Lizzette Figueroa, Emily Silverstein, Dina Flink, Yum iMendez-Ishizaki, Annie Yessaian, Laurie L. Brunette, Koji Matsuo, Victoria K. Cortessis, Saketh Guntupalli and Lynda Roman (November 2019)
Women with gynecologic cancer report a strong interest in the use of non-prescription cannabis products for management of cancer-related symptoms. Practitioners in the field of gynecologic oncology should be aware of the frequency of use of non-prescription cannabis amongst their patients as well as the growing desire for guidance about the use of cannabis derivatives. A substantial number of patients report decreased reliance on opioids when using cannabis derivatives for pain control.
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Psilocybin Based Therapy for Cancer Related Distress, a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Camile Bahi (October 2019)
Depression and anxiety are common in patients with cancer, classical antidepressant has no proven efficacy on this type of distress compared to placebo. A Psilocybin (serotoninergic hallucinogen) based therapy appear to give promising results among recent studies. Aims : to examine if a Psilocybin based therapy could be considered for patients with cancer related depression and anxiety and to assume it's safety. To sum up Heffter institute work, as the main institute working on this topic. Conclusion : psilocybin appear to be potentially useful as a treatment for cancer related depression and anxiety. Future research should verify these findings on wider population and eventually seek a way to apply therapy to non hospitalized (ambulatory) patients. Keywords : psilocybin, depression, anxiety, review, meta-analysis
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Antitumor Activity of Abnormal Cannabidiol and Its Analog O-1602 in Taxol-Resistant Preclinical Models of Breast Cancer
Andrea Tomko, Lauren O’Leary, Hilary Trask, John C. Achenbach, Steven R. Hall, Kerry B. Goralski, Lee D. Ellis and Denis J. Dupré (October 2019)
Here, we investigated whether the synthetic regioisomers of cannabidiol, abnormal cannabidiol, and a closely related compound, O-1602, display antitumorigenic effects in cellular models of breast cancer and whether it could reduce tumorigenesis in vivo. Several studies have shown the effects of cannabinoids on chemotherapy-sensitive breast cancer cell lines, but less is known about the antitumorigenic effects of cannabinoids in chemotherapy-resistant cell lines. Paclitaxel-resistant MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines were used to study the effect of O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol on viability, apoptosis, and migration. The effects of O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol on cell viability were completely blocked by the combination of GPR55 and GPR18-specific siRNAs. Both O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol decreased viability in paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner through induction of apoptosis.
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Anti-tumour Activity of Abnormal Cannabidiol and its Analogue O-1602 in Taxol-resistant Preclinical Models of Breast Cancer
Andrea Tomko, Hilary Trask, John C. Achenbach, Steven R. Hall, Kerry B. Goralski, Lee D. Ellis and Denis J. Dupré (September 2019)
Cannabinoids exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic properties. Contrary to most cannabinoids present in the Cannabis plant, some, such as O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol, have no or only little affinity to the CB1 or CB2 cannabinoid receptors and instead exert their effects through other receptors. Here, we investigated whether the synthetic regioisomers of cannabidiol, abnormal cannabidiol, and a closely related compound, O-1602, display anti-tumorigenic effects in cellular models of breast cancer and whether it could reduce tumorigenesis in vivo. Several studies have shown the effects of cannabinoids on chemotherapy-sensitive breast cancer cell lines, but less is known about the anti-tumorigenic effects of cannabinoids in chemotherapy-resistant cell lines.
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Cannabis and Cancer: Early Evidence on the Remedying Effects of Recreational Marijuana Laws
Gustav Svärdhagen (August 2019)
Medical marijuana has been argued to supplement the treatment of cancer in terms of relieving symptoms and side effects occurring from treatment, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As the legalisation of cannabis becomes more widespread across the United States not only for medical but also recreational use, any effects on the well-being on those who undergo cancer treatment could have important implications for future policy decisions on whether to legalise marijuana. This study is the first to examine the effect of recreational marijuana laws (RMLs) on the self-reported health (SRH) of people suffering from medical conditions qualifying for medical marijuana, such as cancer.
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Medical Marijuana use for Pediatric Oncology Patients: Single Institution Experience
Ruth Ofir, Gil Bar-Sela, Myriam Weyl Ben-Arush & Sergey Postovsky (August 2019)
Medical marijuana (MM) is widespread in many medical fields, including oncology, with limited use in pediatric oncology where research is scarce and often shows conflicting results. This research focuses on alleviating side effects of anticancer treatment as an integral part of supportive and palliative care of children with cancer. We report our experience with MM treatment in 50 children, adolescents, and young adults with different types of cancer during 2010–2017. The main indications for prescriptions were nausea and vomiting, decreased mood, disturbed sleep, and pain. The medication was supplied to 30 patients via oil drops (60%) and 11 via smoking (22%), followed by vaporization, capsules, or combinations of various routes. Positive effects were reported by verbal children and parents in 80% of cases.
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Opportunities for Cannabis in Supportive Care in Cancer
Amber Kleckner, Ian Kleckner, Charles Kamen, Mohamedtaki Tejani, Michelle Janelsins, Gary Morrow and Luke Peppon (August 2019)
There is a reasonable amount of evidence to consider cannabis for nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, and pain as a supplement to first-line treatments. There is promising evidence to treat chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, gastrointestinal distress, and sleep disorders, but the literature is thus far too limited to recommend cannabis for these symptoms. Scant, yet more controversial, evidence exists in regard to cannabis for cancer- and treatment-related cognitive impairment, anxiety, depression, and fatigue. Adverse effects of cannabis are documented but tend to be mild. Cannabis has multifaceted potential bioactive benefits that appear to outweigh its risks in many situations. Further research is required to elucidate its mechanisms of action and efficacy and to optimize cannabis preparations and doses for specific populations affected by cancer.
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Flavonoid Derivative of Cannabis Demonstrates Therapeutic Potential in Preclinical Models of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Michele Moreau, Udoka Ibeh, Kaylie Decosmo, Noella Bih, Sayeda Yasmin-Karim, Ngeh Toyang, Henry Lowe and Wilfred Ngwa (August 2019)
In this study, we investigate a new non-cannabinoid, non-psychoactive derivative of cannabis, called FBL-03G, to assess its potential for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. We hypothesize that the use of FBL-03G will have therapeutic potential and can enhance radiotherapy during the treatment of pancreatic cancer. To investigate this hypothesis, in vitro studies were first carried out with and without radiotherapy (RT). In vitro studies, in vivo studies were also conducted in small animals employing FBL-03G sustainably delivered from smart radiotherapy biomaterials, allowing continual exposure of the tumor to the cannabis derivative payloads over time.
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Cannabidiol Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer SGC-7901 Cells
Xin Zhang, Yao Qin, Zhaohai Pan, Minjing Li, Xiaona Liu, Xiaoyu Chen, Guiwu Qu, Ling Zhou, Maolei Xu, Qiusheng Zheng and Defang Li (July 2019)
The main chemical component of cannabis, cannabidiol (CBD), has been shown to have antitumor properties. The present study examined the in vitro effects of CBD on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. We found that CBD significantly inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of SGC-7901 cells. Further investigation showed that CBD significantly upregulated ataxia telangiectasia-mutated gene (ATM) and p53 protein expression and downregulated p21 protein expression in SGC-7901 cells, which subsequently inhibited the levels of CDK2 and cyclin E, thereby resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G0–G1 phase. In addition, CBD significantly increased Bax expression levels, decreased Bcl-2 expression levels and mitochondrial membrane potential, and then upregulated the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9, thereby inducing apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells. Finally, we found that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased after CBD treatment. These results indicated that CBD could induce G0–G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by increasing ROS production, leading to the inhibition of SGC-7901 cell proliferation, thereby suggesting that CBD may have therapeutic effects on gastric cancer.
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Medical Cannabinoids for Cancer Cachexia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Jing Wang, Yanling Wang, Mengting Tong, Hongming Pan, and Da Li (June 2019)
Objectives. Cancer cachexia (CCA) is an intractable and ineffective metabolic syndrome that attacks 50–80% of cancer patients. It reduces patient’s life quality, affects the efficacy of treatment, and then increases their mortality; however, there are no established therapeutic strategies for CCA in the world. In this study, we assess the positive and negative effects of cannabinoid in the treatment of CCA. Methods. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PubMed up to December 2017. Conclusions. Our analysis showed cannabinoid is effective in increasing appetite in cancer patients. However, it declines the quality of life, which may be due to the side effects of cannabinoid.
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Safety and Efficacy of Inhaled Cannabis (Synthetic THC/CBD) for Improving Quality of Life in Advanced Cancer Patients (Serenity)
Martin Chasen, MD (June 2019)
The overall HRQoL (Health related Quality of Life) of patients with uncontrolled symptoms related to advanced cancer will be measured using a patient self rating questionnaire. [ Time Frame: change from baseline in the EORTC-QLQ-C15-PAL overall QoL single-item scale score at Week 4 ] The QoL will be measured using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core 15 Palliative (EORTC-QLQ-C15-PAL) item 15. Scale range is 1 to 7; 1 (very poor) being the worst rating to the maximal rating of 7 (Excellent). Uncontrolled cancer pain will be measured using a patient self rating questionnaire. [ Time Frame: change from baseline in the EORTC-QLQ-C15-PAL pain multi-item scale score at Week 4.] The uncontrolled cancer pain will be measured using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core 15 Palliative (EORTC-QLQ-C15-PAL) item 5 and 12. Scale range is 1 to 4; 1 (not at all) being the worst rating to the maximal rating of 4 (Very Much).
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Evaluation of Colorado Oncology Providers on the Use of Medical Marijuana
Ashley Elizabeth Glode, Garth C. Wright, and Stephen Leong (June 2019)
Background: There is a lack of knowledge regarding medical marijuana use in cancer patients. More information is needed due to increase in both state approvals and access to medical marijuana. We hypothesized that variation in provider knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors exists across all professions in oncology, which contributes to a lack of both provider awareness of patient use and patient education on marijuana use. Conclusion: Regardless of profession, the majority of oncology providers in Colorado do not recommend and do not feel comfortable recommending or suggesting medical marijuana to a cancer patient, yet most believe it provides medical benefit. Providers believe there is a need for education and research on the use of medical marijuana in oncology patients.
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Medical Cannabis in Cancer Patients: Prevalence, Efficacy, and Safety
David Macari, Bolanle Gbadamosi, MD., Daniel Ezekwudo, John Khoury, Ishmael A. Jaiyesimi, and Susanna S. Gaikazian (June 2019)
Cancer patients are using medical cannabis (MC) to address symptoms, however, little data exists to guide clinicians when counseling patients regarding use. We seek to define the patterns of MC use among oncology patients as well as efficacy and safety of MC. Cancer patients attending oncology office visits at Beaumont Hospital, Michigan from July – Dec 2018 were anonymously surveyed. The survey included data regarding demographics, diagnosis, treatment, symptom burden, and MC use. Patients who reported MC since their cancer diagnosis completed a section on patterns of use, efficacy, and safety.
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Cannabinoids in Gynecological Diseases
Petra Luschnig and Rudolf Schicho (June 2019)
The ECS regulates almost all levels of female reproduction, starting with oocyte production through to parturition. Dysregulation of the ECS is associated with the development of gynecological disorders from fertility disorders to cancer. Cannabinoids that act at the ECS as specific agonists or antagonists may potentially influence dysregulation and, therefore, represent new therapeutic options for the therapy of gynecological disorders.
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Efficacy, Tolerability and Safety of Cannabis-based Medicines for Cancer Pain
Winfried Häuser, Patrick Welsch, Petra Klose, Lukas Radbruch and Mary-Ann Fitzcharles (May 2019)
Very low quality evidence suggests that oromucosal nabiximols and THC have no effect on pain, sleep problems and opioid consumption in patients with cancer pain with insufficient pain relief from opioids. The complete manuscript is written in English.
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The Effects of Cannabidiol and -Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentration on Breast Cancer Cell Viability
Dorothy Achiaa Agyemang (May 2019)
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol(CBD) are phytocannabinoids that have a potential impact in cancer treatments.Studies have shown that certain cannabinoids cause cancer cells to die, but only with selective concentrations, which have not been well documented. The first study of this thesis was to determine the exact concentration of CBD and THC needed to kill human MCF-7 breast cancer cells, rather than creating mass multiplication leading to more growth of the cancer.
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Using Cannabis to Treat Cancer-Related Pain
Timothy Byars, Eloise Theisen and Deborah L. Bolton (May 2019)
Cannabis and cannabinoid medicines, as modulators of the endocannabinoid system, offer novel therapeutic options for the treatment of cancer-related pain, not only for patients who do not respond to conventional therapies, but also for patients who prefer to try cannabis as a first treatment option.
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Analysis of Potential Anti-Cancer Effects of Cannabinol and Cannabidiol using HCC1806 and HEK293 Cell Lines
Marina Galatonov, Dongping Li, Nuanying Zhong, Igor Kvalchuk (June 2018)
Humans produce endocannabinoids that act as neuromodulators in the endocannabinoid system. They bind to Gαi protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors to control the release of many neurotransmitters. Cannabinoids receptor 1 (CB1) mediates psychoactive effects through its location mostly in the central nervous system while Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) regulates various immune responses through its location in peripheral tissues. The endocannabinoid system has been used as a molecular target by research to treat diseases such as multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disorders, obesity and inflammatory pain. Thus, the endocannabinoid system is a potential molecular target to treat cancer. With the proposed legalization of recreational marijuana and with growing number of patients using cannabis for medicinal purpose, there is an urgent need to provide data on potential medicinal value of cannabis and cannabinoids.
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Cannabinoids and Cancer pain: A New Hope or a False Dawn?
Matthew R.D. Brown and W. Paul Farquhar-Smith (March 2018)
There are a wealth of preclinical data in a number of acute, chronic, neuropathic and cancer pain models that have demonstrated a potent analgesic potential for cannabinoids, especially in patients with cancer. However, although there are some positive results in pain of cancer patients, the clinical evidence for cannabinoids as analgesics has not been convincing and their use can only be weakly recommended. The efficacy of cannabinoids seems to have been ‘lost in translation’ which may in part be related to using extracts of herbal cannabis rather than targeted selective full agonists at the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Use of Cannabinoids in Cancer Care: Palliative Care
S.K. Aggarwal, MD PhD (July 2014)
Integrating cim into oncologic palliative care promises to improve overall health-related quality of life, to provide further relief from distressing symptoms and spiritual suffering, and to bring hope to patients and families facing terminal illness.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabinoids as Therapeutic Agents in Cancer: Current Status and Future Implications
Bandana Chakravarti, Janani Ravi, and Ramesh K. Ganju (July 2014)
Though cannabinoids are clinically used for anti-palliative effects, recent studies open a promising possibility as anti-cancer agents. They have been shown to possess anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects in vitro as well as in vivo in different cancer models. Cannabinoids regulate key cell signaling pathways that are involved in cell survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, etc. There is more focus on CB1 and CB2, the two cannabinoid receptors which are activated by most of the cannabinoids. In this review article, we will focus on a broad range of cannabinoids, their receptor dependent and receptor independent functional roles against various cancer types with respect to growth, metastasis, energy metabolism, immune environment, stemness and future perspectives in exploring new possible therapeutic opportunities.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
The Endocannabinoid Signaling System in Cancer
SimonaPisanti, PaolaPicardi, AlbaD’Alessandro, ChiaraLaezza, MaurizioBifulco (May 2013)
The endocannabinoid system, comprising lipid-derived endocannabinoids, their G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and the enzymes for their metabolism, is emerging as a promising therapeutic target in cancer. This report highlights the main signaling pathways for the antitumor effects of the endocannabinoid system in cancer and its basic role in cancer pathogenesis, and discusses the alternative view of cannabinoid receptors as tumor promoters. We focus on new players in the antitumor action of the endocannabinoid system and on emerging crosstalk among cannabinoid receptors and other membrane or nuclear receptors involved in cancer. We also discuss the enzyme MAGL, a key player in endocannabinoid metabolism that was recently recognized as a marker of tumor lipogenic phenotype.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Increasing 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol Signaling in the Periphery Attenuates Mechanical Hyperalgesia in a Model of Bone Cancer Pain
Iryna A.Khasabova, AnishaChandiramani, CatherineHarding-Rose, Donald A.Simone, Virginia S.Seybold (July 2011)
Metastatic and primary bone cancers are usually accompanied by severe pain that is difficult to manage. In light of the adverse side effects of opioids, manipulation of the endocannabinoid system may provide an effective alternative for the treatment of cancer pain. The present study determined that a local, peripheral increase in the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) reduced mechanical hyperalgesia evoked by the growth of a fibrosarcoma tumor in and around the calcaneous bone. Intraplantar (ipl) injection of 2-AG attenuated hyperalgesia (ED50 of 8.2 μg) by activation of peripheral CB2 but not CB1 receptors and had an efficacy comparable to that of morphine.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Reduction of Bone Cancer Pain by Activation of Spinal Cannabinoid Receptor 1 and Its Expression in the Superficial Dorsal Horn of the Spinal Cord in a Murine Model of Bone Cancer Pain
Shingo Furuse, M.D.; Tomoyuki Kawamata, M.D., Ph.D.; Jun Yamamoto, M.D., Ph.D.; Yukitoshi Niiyama, M.D., Ph.D.; Keiichi Omote, M.D., Ph.D.; et al (July 2009)
The results of our study demonstrate that spinal CB1 activation by an exogenously administered CB1 agonist reduced bone cancer–related pain behaviors, including behaviors related to spontaneous pain and movement-evoked pain. Presynaptic inhibition of spinal neurons and/or descending fibers may contribute to spinal CB1 activation–induced analgesia. In addition, MOR expression in the superficial dorsal horn ipsilateral to the site of implantation of sarcoma cells was decreased compared to that contralateral to the site of implantation, whereas CB1 expression in the superficial dorsal horn was preserved. The findings of this study may lead to novel strategies for the treatment of bone cancer pain.
Important Notice
If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
A Decrease in Anandamide Signaling Contributes to the Maintenance of Cutaneous Mechanical Hyperalgesia in a Model of Bone Cancer Pain
Iryna A. Khasabova, Sergey G. Khasabov, Catherine Harding-Rose, Lia G. Coicou, Bryan A. Seybold, Amy E. Lindberg, Christopher D. Steevens, Donald A. Simone and Virginia S. Seybold (October 2008)
Tumors in bone are associated with pain in humans. Data generated in a murine model of bone cancer pain suggest that a disturbance of local endocannabinoid signaling contributes to the pain. When tumors formed after injection of osteolytic fibrosarcoma cells into the calcaneus bone of mice, cutaneous mechanical hyperalgesia was associated with a decrease in the level of anandamide (AEA) in plantar paw skin ipsilateral to tumors. The decrease in AEA occurred in conjunction with increased degradation of AEA by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Intraplantar injection of AEA reduced the hyperalgesia, and intraplantar injection of URB597, an inhibitor of FAAH, increased the local level of AEA and also reduced hyperalgesia. An increase in FAAH mRNA and enzyme activity in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) L3–L5 ipsilateral to the affected paw suggests DRG neurons contribute to the increased FAAH activity in skin in tumor-bearing mice.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.
Cannabinoids in pancreatic cancer: Correlation with survival and pain
Christoph W. Michalski, Florian E. Oti, Mert Erkan, Danguole Sauliunaite, Frank Bergmann, Pal Pacher, Sandor Batkai, Michael W. Müller, Nathalia A. Giese, Helmut Friess, Jörg Kleeff (October 2007)
There was a significant relationship between low CB1 receptor immunoreactivity or mRNA expression levels (p = 0.0011 and p = 0.026, respectively), or high FAAH and MGLL cancer cell immunoreactivity (p = 0.036 and p = 0.017, respectively) and longer survival of PDAC patients. These results are underlined by a significant correlation of high pain scores and increased survival (p = 0.0343). CB2 receptor immunoreactivity, CB2 receptor, FAAH and MGLL mRNA expression levels did not correlate with survival. Therefore, changes in the levels of endocannabinoid metabolizing enzymes and cannabinoid receptors on pancreatic cancer cells may affect prognosis and pain status of PDAC patients.
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If you proceed to article you will be leaving the CB1 Capital Management website to access a website hosted by a party unrelated to CB1 Capital Management. CB1 Capital Management assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of any of these studies nor does CB1 assume any obligation to update any of these studies based on subsequent research.